SD BIOLINE Dengue IgG/IgM Validity for Diagnosing Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

To identify dengue haemorraghic fever from other fever is not easy, it is due to non spesific of clinical manifestetion, like mild undifferentiated fever to the more severe form dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). DSS from which rates of morbidity and mortality are high, because of increasing vascular permeability and haemorrhage, which may lead to vascular collapse and death. As WHO recommend, haemaglutination inhibition (HI) test until now remains the standard laboratory methods for dengue confirmation, due to its simplicity, sensitivity and reproducibility. This test needs 2 type of blood samples (acute and convalescence phase). Positive result is defined as the titer shows 4 times greater in the convalescence phase than acute phase. Due to its disadvantages (takes time), recently the HI test become less popular. Many rapid test kits that use immunochromatography principles are now commercially available; one of them is SD BIOLINE Dengue IgG/IgM. We have evaluated this test kit to diagnose several sera from DHF patients and compared the results with HI test. For positive and negative results in acute sera, the sensitivity were 9.8% (95.6– 95.7%), 96.4% (96.4–96.5%) and 92.2% (92.1–92.2%); the specificity were 78.5% (78.4–78.6%), 53.4% (53.3–53.5%) and 43.7% (43.6–43.8%), respectively for Den-1, Den-2, and Den-3 serotype. The accuracy were 90.9% (90.9–91.0%), 77.7% (77.6–77.8%) and 68.6% (68.5– 68.7%); and kappa agreement were 0.77, 0.57, and 0.41 respectively for Den-1, Den-2, and Den-3 serotype. It was concluded that SD BIOLINE Dengue IgG/IgM showed a good sensitivity to identify virus infection of Den-1, Den-2, and Den-3 serotype. It also showed a good specificity, accuracy and kappa agreement for Den-1 serotype. Keywords: dengue, diagnostic tests, IgG, IgM