A 3D hierarchical assembly of optimized heterogeneous carbon nanosheets for highly efficient electrocatalysis

A 3D assembly of crumpled nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets with hierarchical frameworks and encased ultrafine iron carbide nanoparticles on the subunits was constructed via a template-free bottom-up self-assembly strategy. The optimized structure design and catalytic-site integration endow the electrocatalyst with outstanding PH-universal ORR performance, serving as a good alternative for the Pt/C catalyst.