Sputtering deposition of magnetic Ni nanoparticles directly onto an enzyme surface: a novel method to obtain a magnetic biocatalyst

A simple one-step method based on the sputtering deposition of Ni nanoparticles (NP) has been developed for the production of magnetic biocatalysts, avoiding the complications and drawbacks of methods based on chemical functionalisation or coating of magnetic NP. This new technique provided high levels of recovery, reusability and catalytic activity for the lipase–Ni biocatalyst.