Investigation of the effects of thrombocyte-rich plasma, systemic ozone and hyperbaric oxygen treatment on intraoral wound healing in rats: experimental study

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate and compare biochemical and histopathological effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), ozone and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on wound healing which was formed experimentally in oral cavity of rats. In this study, thirty-six Wistar Hannover rats with weight of 250–350 g, fed with standard feeds, were anesthetized to create intraoral wound on the hard palate. Rats were divided into four groups as the following: control group, PRP, HBO and Ozone groups. 0.1 ml of PRP was injected on the wound edges of each rat in the PRP group on days 1, 3 and 7. Each rat in the ozone group was systemically injected with 2.3–3.0 ml ozone gas on the 1st, 3rd and 7th days. The wounds of the rats in the control group were not performed anything. The rats in the HBO group were placed in the HBO pressure chamber and were treated with one session (2 h for each session) of 100% oxygen each day for 7 days. Rats in all groups were killed on the 15th day and the hard palates were excised for histopathological examination. Inflammation severity, neovascularization, fibroblast proliferation, collagen density and epithelization were evaluated. The rate of intense wound closure (epithelialization intensity) was significantly higher in all the three treatment groups, the PRP group was the highest, than in the control group (p < 0.05). Fibroblast proliferation level was higher in PRP group (p < 0.05), followed by ozone, HBO and control groups, respectively. Histologically, inflammation was significantly higher in the control group than the treatment groups (p < 0.05). For the treatment groups; it was lowest in the PRP group, followed by the ozone and HBO groups, respectively. The rates of angiogenesis and collagenization were significantly higher in all the three treatment groups, the PRP group was the highest, than in the control group (p < 0.05). In this study, no significance difference was found between the groups in terms of blood glucose levels (p = 0.21). In this study, all three treatment modalities were found to be effective in wound healing, and PRP was found to be more effective than the others.