Lower Free Thyroxin Associates with a Less Favorable Metabolic Phenotype in Healthy Pregnant Women

Context: A lower free T4 (fT4), within the euthyroid range, has been shown in adults to associate with an adverse metabolic phenotype. Thyroid physiology changes significantly during gestation and affects maternal and fetal well-being. Objective: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that a lower serum fT4 in healthy euthyroid pregnant women is related to a less favorable metabolic phenotype and to fetal or placental weight. Design, Setting, Patients, and Outcome Measures: We examined associations of thyroid function tests (TSH and fT4) and the free T3 (fT3)-to-fT4 ratio (as a proxy of deiodinase activity) with a metabolic profile [preload and postload glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high molecular-weight (HMW)-adiponectin, homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and serum lipids] in 321 healthy pregnant women. All women were euthyroid and had negative anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies. None received thyroid hormone replacement. Blood tests were performed in ...