The effects of graded levels of calorie restriction XV: phase space attractors reveal distinct behavioral phenotypes

Calorie restriction (CR) has a positive impact on health and lifespan. Previous work however does not reveal the whole underlying mechanism of behavioral phenotypes under CR. We propose a new approach based on phase space reconstruction (PSR) to analyze the behavioral responses of mice to graded CR. This involved reconstructing high-dimensional attractors which topologically represent the intrinsic dynamics of mice based on low-dimensional time series of movement counts observed during the 90 day time course of restriction. PSR together with correlation dimensions (CD), Kolmogorov entropy (KE) and multifractal spectra builds a map from internal attractors to the phenotype of mice and reveals the mice with increasing CR levels undergo significant changes from a normal to a new state. Features of the attractors (CD and KE) were significantly associated with gene expression profiles in the hypothalamus of the same individuals.