Results of search for magnetized quark-nugget dark matter from radial impacts on Earth

2020 
Quark nuggets are theoretical objects composed of approximately equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks. They are also called strangelets, nuclearites, AQNs, slets, Macros, SQNs, and MQNs. Quark nuggets are a candidate for dark matter, which has been a mystery for decades despite constituting ${\sim}85\%$ of mass in universe. Most models of quark nuggets assume no intrinsic magnetic field; however, Tatsumi found that a magnetar core may be a quark-nugget ferromagnetic liquid with a magnetic field B\textsubscript{S} between $10^{ 11}$ T and $10^{ 13}$ T. Applying that result to quark-nugget dark matter indicates magnetized quark nuggets $(MQNs)$ magnetically aggregated in the early universe before they could decay by the weak interaction and formed a broad and magnetically-stabilized mass distribution. These MQNs satisfy the requirements for dark-matter even though they are Standard Model baryons. They interact with normal matter through a magnetopause and can form non-meteorite impact craters, which are reported approximately annually. We report results from excavating such a crater. Hydrodynamic simulations indicate fractured granite below the crater and under 4.7 m of soft sediments is the first observational evidence of MQN dark matter. The results also constrain values of B\textsubscript{S} between $4x10^{ 11}$ T and $3x10^{ 12}$ T.
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