Effect of Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy on Glycosylated Haemoglobin Levels in Diabetics and Non-diabetic Healthy Controls with Periodontitis

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in healthy patients and patients with periodontitis, before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty patients were selected and divided into two groups. Group A included thirty patients without periodontitis and Group B included thirty patients with periodontitis. Body mass index and clinical parameters, including oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level and HbA1c levels, of all patients were recorded at baseline. Both group patients received non-surgical, periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing). After 3 months, all the patients were re-examined for clinical parameters, and HbA1c levels were evaluated and compared with the baseline values. Results: There were no significant differences in clinical parameters after 3 months when compared to baseline levels of OHI-S, GI, PPD and HbA1c in Group A. There was no clinical attachment loss in Group A, either at the baseline or after 3 months. At the end of 3 months, Group B showed improvement in all the clinical parameters, and their HbA1c levels also significantly decreased although the values never reached those of the healthy controls. Conclusion: The HbA1c levels of patients with periodontitis (Group B) were significantly reduced after 3 months of non-surgical periodontal therapy, although they never reached the same level as that of the patients without periodontitis (Group A).