Thymic hyperplasia following successful treatment for nodular-sclerosing Hodgkin's Disease

AbstractA young female patient showed up with mediastinal bulky disease and lymph node swelling in her left supraclavicular region. Clinical and histological investigations proved nodular-sclerosing Hodgki n's lymphoma. The patient received combined modality treatment according to the protocols of the German Hodgki n's Disease Study Group and achieved complete remission. Six months later the chest X-ray and thoracic CT-scan showed mediastinal tumor masses suggesting relapsed Hodgki n's disease. Surprisingly, the histological investigation showed thymic hyperplasia as well as the absence of any signs of Hodgkin lymphoma.Thymic hyperplasia is well known as a potential differential diagnosis of mediastinal space-occupying lesions and also as a long-term complication in patients cured of Hodgki n's disease. A detailed case report and a complete review of literature are provided.