Hypertension and antihypertensive treatment in HIV-infected individuals. A longitudinal cohort study

AbstractObjectives. Hypertension is a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected individuals. The purposes of this study were to assess the development of new-onset hypertension and the use of antihypertensive treatment and blood pressure (BP) control. Methods. In a longitudinal study of 434 HIV-infected individuals (43±11 years, 72% males, follow-up 3.4±0.8 years), standardized BP recordings were undertaken at three clinical visits both at baseline and at follow-up, and cardiovascular risk factors were monitored. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) for new-onset hypertension (systolic BP≥140 and/or diastolic BP≥90 mmHg or initiation of antihypertensive treatment) was calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses. Results. New-onset hypertension occurred with an incidence of 29.8 per 1000 person-years (95% CI 20.3–42.2). HIV duration (OR=1.10, 95% CI 1.01−1.20), mean BP (1.24, 95% CI 1.13−1.35) and abnormal urinary albumin excretion (OR=5.47, 95% CI 1.07−27.85) were independent predic...