[Serotypes of pneumococci isolated from children with pneumonia: implication of pneumococcal specific immunization].

: For the 15 years from 1978 to 1992 serologic typing was performed on 124 pneumococcus isolates from children with acute pneumonia. The source of bacteria was material obtained by aspirative pulmonary punction, pleural fluid or blood; 122 capsular antigens representing groups and types could be determined. Of the 122 isolates serogrouped 14, 1, 6, 5, 4, 7, 23, 19 and 4, accounted for 25.4%; 23.8%; 13.1%; 9.0%; 4.9%; 4.9%; 4.1%; 4.1%; 4.1%; respectively, of cases. The currently available 23-valent vaccine would provide protection against 89.3% of identified pneumococci in our study, but because of its poor immunogenicity in children less than 2 years old (73.0%) they would have received reduced protection by the use of this vaccine. The distribution of pneumococci serogroups found in our study has an intermediary pattern in relation to those found at develop countries (6, 14, 18, 19, 23) and developing ones (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 12, 46). The new conjugate vaccines, with limited number of pneumococcal groups/types, should be analysed before the introduction in different geographic areas.