Evaluation of 10-year risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above in two cities of Jiangsu Province

Objective To evaluate the risk of 10-year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above in two cities of Jiangsu province. Methods From December 2013 to January 2014, a total of 15 624 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above, who received national basic public health service in Changshu county of Suzhou city, Huai′an and Qinghe districts of Huai′an city, Jiangsu province, were recruited by cluster sampling method. Face-to-face questionnaire survey, anthropometric and laboratory measurements were conducted to collect exposures to ICVD risk factors. Improved Ten Year Risk Assessment Table of ICVD in Chinese was used to assess the risk score and the absolute risk of developing ICVD. Results The participants were (62.2±9.7) years old, of which 6 137 were men (39.3%). Among the participants, the highest rate of exposure to ICVD risk factors was high systolic blood pressure (74.8%, n=11 685), followed by high total cholesterol (70.7%, n= 11 051).The score of 10-year risk for ICVD was (10.4±3.3) and the median (P25-P75) value of absolute risk was 15.6% (6.8%-32.7%). 16.7% (n=2 602) participants were under extremely high risk of 10-year risk for ICVD, 23.8% (n=3 714) under high-risk and 24.0% (n=3 746) under middle-risk. Among the total risk score of ICVD, age (49.1%), hypertension (17.7%) and diabetes (15.5%) accounted for relatively high proportion, however, smoking (11.0%) was the most important risk factor except for age (47.4%) and systolic blood pressure (20.5%) in male participants. Conclusion Patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above in two cities of Jiangsu Province have a high risk of developing ICVD for 10 years, especially in elderly, female, hypertension patients and male smokers. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Cardiovascular diseases; Risk factors; Risk assessment