Children with type 1 diabetes and pulmonary mucormycosis: one case and review of literature

To analyze a rare case of pulmonary mucormycosis in a 14-year-old type 1 diabetes child and review the literatures of pulmonary mucormycosis in diabetes. The child was new onset type 1 diabetes and ketoacidosis combination with pulmonary mucormycosis. There was poor efficacy of treatment with amphotericin B liposome after admission 2 weeks and no effect of fibreoptic bronchoscopy. She died from severe haemoptysis due to no lung surgery. The literatures suggest that mucormycosis mostly occurs in poor glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, rarely occurs in children new-onset type 1 diabetes. Current international recommendations on pulmonary mucormycosis diabetes requires early diagnosis, active treatment of primary disease, surgical debridement and liposomal amphotericin B. Key words: Pulmonary mucormycosis; Diabetes mellitus, type 1; Liposomal amphotericin B