Ischaemic stroke and peripheral artery disease
2017
Objective: To determine the frequency of atherosclerosis by ankle brachial index in patients with an ischaemic
stroke and to assess the association of carotid artery stenosis and ankle brachial index in ischaemic stroke.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, from July 2011 to May
2014, and comprised patients with ischaemic stroke. The patients were classified according to the Asian stroke
criteria for classification of brain infarction. Primary outcome measures included carotid artery stenosis and ankle
brachial index. The other independent variables were age, gender, body mass index and waist circumference. SPSS
20 was used for data analysis.
Results: A total of 327 patients were enrolled. The overall mean age was 57.6±12.8 years. Besides, 168(51.3%)
participants were males. Peripheral artery disease was found in 60(18.3%) patients. Mild carotid artery stenosis was
found in 182(55.6%) patients, moderate in 140(42.8%), severe in 3(0.9%) and complete occlusion in 2(0.6%) patients.
In patients having mild carotid artery stenosis, 32(17.5%) had peripheral artery disease, whereas in patients with
moderate carotid artery stenosis, 25(17.8%) had peripheral artery disease.
Conclusion: Abnormally low ankle brachial index suggesting subclinical peripheral artery disease was 18%.
Keywords: Ischaemic stroke, Peripheral artery disease, Ankle brachial index, Carotid artery stenosis. (JPMA 67: 1138; 2017)
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