[Anderson's disease. Apropos of a new case]

A new case of Anderson's disease in a 3-month-old black female infant is presented. This diagnosis should be considered in infants with chronic diarrhoea, fatty stools, failure to gain weight which may be present from birth, low serum cholesterol concentration (less than 70 mg/ml), low plasma triglyceride levels, and hypobetalipoproteinaemia. However, suspicion of diagnosis clinically can be certainly verified by intestinal biopsy showing characteristic epithelial cell pattern. Steatorrhoea may be effectively treated by substituting medium for long-chain triglycerides in the diet. This disorder needs to be distinguished from familial hypobetalipoproteinaemia as well as abetalipoproteinaemia, and it prognosis is good, because of absence of acanthocytosis, neurological involvement and ocular lesions.