Non-invasive evaluation of coronary heart disease in patients with chronic kidney disease using photoplethysmography

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have an increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction. Therefore, there is a need to identify CKD patients at high risk of CAD. Coronary angiography, the gold standard for detecting CAD, carries a risk of serious adverse events.