Prolonged intra-aortic balloon pump support in biventricular heart failure induces right ventricular reverse remodeling

Abstract Background Right ventricular dysfunction is associated with high morbidity and mortality in candidates for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation or cardiac transplantation. Methods We examined the effects of prolonged intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) support on right ventricular, renal and hepatic functions in patients presenting with end-stage heart failure. Results Between March 2008 and June 2013, fifteen patients (mean age=49.5years; 14 men) with end-stage systolic heart failure (HF), contraindications for any life saving procedure (conventional cardiac surgery, heart transplantation, LVAD implantation) and right ventricular dysfunction were supported with the IABP. The patients remained on IABP support for a mean of 73±50days (median 72, range of 13–155). We measured the echocardiographic and hemodynamic changes in right ventricular function, and the changes in serum creatinine and bilirubin concentrations before and during IABP support. Mean right atrial pressure decreased from 12.7±6.5 to 3.8±3.3 ( P P =0.001), while cardiac index increased from 1.5±0.4 to 2.2±0.7l/m 2 /min ( P =0.003) and right ventricular stroke work index from 485±228 to 688±237mmHg×ml/m 2 ( P =0.043). Right ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased from 34.0±6.5mm to 27.8±6.2mm ( P P =0.029). Serum creatinine and bilirubin decreased from 2.1±1.3 to 1.4±0.6mg/dl and 2.0±1.0 to 0.9±0.5mg/dl, respectively ( P =0.002 and P Conclusions Prolonged IABP support of patients presenting with end-stage heart failure and right ventricular dysfunction induced significant improvement in right ventricular and peripheral organ function.