Retinopathy of prematurity: Where are we today?

The purpose of this review is to discuss the history and pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and how this information currently impacts the understanding of risk factors for this complication of preterm birth. Aspects of retinal development, ROP development and progression, treatment, relevant basic science and clinical research studies are reviewed. Evolving knowledge in this field underscores the absolute necessity to reinforce the need for close follow-up of infants with ROP or a history of ROP to insure best visual outcomes into adulthood for children born prematurely.