Identification of Critical Congenital Heart Disease in Vermont The Role of Universal Pulse Oximetry Screening in a Rural State

Objective. Pulse oximetry screening (POS) is becoming the standard of care in screening for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). Our objective was to characterize the historical diagnostic pattern in a rural tertiary care children’s hospital and explore how universal POS might affect morbidity, mortality, and care delivery. Patients and Methods. We identified patients <6 months of age in the Vermont Children’s Hospital echocardiogram database with CCHD diagnosed between 2002 and 2011. Charts were reviewed to characterize timing of diagnosis, course, and outcome. The medical examiner was consulted to identify deaths due to undetected CCHD during the study period. Results. Of 60 329 live births, 73 (0.12 %) were diagnosed with CCHD. Of these, 31 (42%) were diagnosed prenatally, 34 (47%) were diagnosed by clinical examination in the nursery, 7 (9.6%) were diagnosed after nursery discharge, and 1 (1.4%) was born at home. The 8 patients not diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound or in the nursery were considere...