Lipopolysaccharide influence on leptin hormone and tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from human adipose tissue:

Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation that originates mainly from adipose tissue. This is implicated in the pathogenesis of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Strong evidence indicates that chronically elevated systemic low-grade lipopolysaccharide (LPS), elicits low-grade inflammation. However, evidence on LPS effect on adipokines’ level, such as leptin, is scarce, and it has never been investigated ex vivo in human subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and therefore we aim to investigate this. To achieve our aim, SAT explants were obtained from 12 patients (50% males) and were treated with/without LPS. Protein concentration was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that the average age and body mass index (BMI) of included patients were 58.6 years and 28.6 kg/m2, respectively. LPS induced significantly (~3×, P < 0.0001) the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α from SAT, and it was not associated with age or BMI. However, leptin secretion was inhibited ...