Complications macro-angiopathiques du diabete a l’hopital du Mali de Bamako

Introduction-objectif : Le diabete est un facteur de risque cardiovasculaire (FRCV) majeur, responsable de complications cardiovasculaires dont la  prise en charge est complexe. L’objectif de l’etude est d’evaluer les  complications macro-angiopathiques du diabete. Patients et Methodes : Etude transversale, descriptive et analytique de 18 mois, concernant les patients diabetiques (type 1 avec 5 ans d’evolution et type 2). Resultats : Nous avons collige 275 patients diabetiques. L’âge moyen de nos patients etait de 59 ans. Le sex ratio etait de 0,82. Le diabete etait de type 2 chez 93,09% des patients. La duree moyenne d’evolution du diabete etait de 6 ans. L’HbA1c etait superieure a 7% chez 51,64% des patients. 77,46% avaient au minimum 2 FRCV associes au diabete. La dyslipidemie etait le FRCV le plus frequent associe au diabete (51,27%). Quatre-vingt-trois (83) patients sur 275 avaient au moins une  macroangiopathie (frequence hospitaliere de 30,18%). L’arteriopathie obliterante des membres inferieurs (AOMI) etait presente chez 49 patients, l’accident vasculaire cerebral (AVC) chez 28 patients et la coronaropathie chez 17 patients. Nous avons note un lien statistiquement significatif entre duree d’evolution du diabete, et deux complications macro-angiopathiques (AOMI p:0,001 et AVC p:0,05). Le mauvais equilibre glycemique et le nombre de FRCV etaient correles aux complications macroangiopathiques (AOMI, AVC, coronaropathie) de facon significative avec p<0,05. Conclusion : Le diabete est une maladie metabolique responsable de complications macro-angiopathiques. Sa prise en charge precoce ainsi qu’une correction des autres FRCV permettent d’eviter ou de ralentir ces complications. Mots cles : Diabete, Macro-angiopathies, Hopital Du Mali. Macrovascular complications of diabetes at the hopital du Mali of Bamako Introduction-Aim : Diabete is a major risk cardiovascular factor (FRCV). It is a chronic disease responsible of cardiovascular complications with a complex management. The objective of the study is to evaluate the macrovascular complications of diabetes. Patients and methods: It is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of 18 months, concerning diabetic patients (type 1 with 5 years of evolution and type 2). Results: We collected 275 diabetics patients. Mean age of our patients was 59 years. Sex ratio was 0.82. Diabetes was type 2 in 93.09%. Mean duration of diabetes was 6 years. HBA1C was greater than 7% in 51.64%. 77.46% had at least 2 cardiovascular risk factors associated with diabetes. Dyslipidemia was the most common cardiovascular risk factors associated with diabetes (51.27%). 83 of 275 patients had at least one macrovascular complication (hospital frequency of 30.18%). Peripheral artery disease (PAD) was present in 49 patients, stroke in 28 patients, and coronary artery disease in 17 patients. We noted a statistically significant link between the duration of diabetes, and two macrovascular complications (PAD p: 0.001 and stroke p: 0.05). The poor glycemic balance and number of  cardiovascular risk factors were correlated with macrovascular complications (AOMI, stroke, coronary artery disease) significantly with p < 0.05. Conclusion : Diabetes is a metabolic disease responsible of macrovascular complications. Early care and correction of other cardiovascular risk factors can prevent or slow these complications. Keywords : Diabetes, Macrovascular complications, Hopital Du Mali