Haematuria and acute kidney injury in elderly patients admitted to hospital with supratherapeutic warfarin anticoagulation

Background and objectives Warfarin-related nephropathy is reported to occur with an INR >3.0 as a result of glomerular bleeding. There is a lack of prospective studies examining the effect of supratherapeutic warfarin anticoagulation on haematuria and acute kidney injury (AKI). Older patients may be susceptible due to greater warfarin use, prevalence of kidney disease and comorbidities. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and nature of haematuria and AKI in older patients on warfarin and to determine any association with high INR levels.