Individual-psychological factors and perception of social support in burnout syndrome
2020
Background/Aim. Burnout syndrome is a psychological phenomenon that occurs as
a response to chronic interpersonal stressors at work. It is manifested by
emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a sense of reduced personal
accomplishment. The significance of this three-dimensional model is that it
clearly places the individual experience of stress in a social context. The
aim of this study is to examine the correlation between burnout syndrome and
individual-psychological and environmental factors among special and regular
education teachers, as well as to determine differences in the degree of
expression of burnout syndrome dimensions between groups of teachers with
different educational backgrounds. Methods. This non-experimental,
cross-sectional correlation study included 317 teachers (122 special
education teachers and 38 other teachers in special education for children
with intellectual disabilities and 157 teachers from regular primary schools
in Belgrade). Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Assertiveness Assessment
Questionnaire (A-Scale), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSS), Teacher
Self-Efficacy Scale (TSES), and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support
Scale (MSPSS) were used in the study. Results. The highest prevalence of
high levels of burnout were recorded on the emotional exhaustion subscale
and were 38%, 47%, and 39%, respectively, for special education teachers,
other teachers in special education and teachers in regular education. The
most important predictors for special education teachers were: for Emotional
Exhaustion (self-esteem, efficiency of class management and seniority); for
Depersonalization (self-esteem, efficiency of class management and social
support); for a sense of lower Personal Accomplishment (assertiveness,
effective student learning and class management) The most important
predictors of burnout of regular education teachers are: for Emotional
Exhaustion assertiveness, effective class management, social support and
seniority; for Depersonalization self-esteem, effective student learning and
seniority; for a reduced Personal Accomplishment self-esteem, effective
student learning and social support. Conclusion. Individual-psychological
factors have emerged as an important predictor of burnout syndrome in the
teaching profession, indicating the importance of examining the impact of
these factors in other professions as well, characterized by the specific
demands and needs of a deeper emotional investment during the work process.
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