A multiparametric evaluation of quantum dot size and surface-grafted peptide density on cellular uptake and cytotoxicity
2020
Despite the progress
in nanotechnology for biomedical applications,
great efforts are still being employed in optimizing nanoparticle
(NP) design parameters to improve functionality and minimize bionanotoxicity.
In this study, we developed CdSe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell quantum
dots (QDs) that are compact ligand-coated and surface-functionalized
with an HIV-1-derived TAT cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) analog to
improve both biocompatibility and cellular uptake. Multiparametric
studies were performed in different mammalian and murine cell lines
to compare the effects of varying QD size and number of surface CPPs
on cellular uptake, viability, generation of reactive oxygen species,
mitochondrial health, cell area, and autophagy. Our results showed
that the number of cell-associated NPs and their respective toxicity
are higher for the larger QDs. Meanwhile, increasing the number of
surface CPPs also enhanced cellular uptake and induced cytotoxicity
through the generation of mitoROS and autophagy. Thus, here we report
the optimal size and surface CPP combinations for improved QD cellular
uptake.
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